Introduction to Isotopes of Titanium - Heanjia Super-metals Co., Ltd.

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Introduction to Isotopes of Titanium

Titanium is present in meteorites as well as noticed in sun and M-type stars, which is the coolest variety of stars having 3,200°C (5,790 °F) surface temperature. 12.1% TiO2 was present in rocks that conveyed from moon throughout Apollo 17 mission. Titanium is also present in coal ashes, plants and also in our body.

Titanium that is found in nature consists of 5 stable isotopes these are ⁴⁶Ti, ⁴⁷Ti, ⁴⁸Ti, ⁴⁹Ti, and ⁵⁰Ti. Out of these isotopes ⁴⁸Ti is the most abundant element (73.8% natural abundance). There are 11 radioisotopes that are observed. Half life period of ⁴⁴Ti is 63 years, similarly half life period of ⁴⁵Ti, ⁵¹Ti and ⁵²Ti is 184.8 minutes, 5.76 minutes, 1.7 minutes respectively. The left radioactive isotopes are with half life period that is below than 33 seconds. Also in most of them have half life periods less than half a second.

The atomic weight of the isotopes of titanium series is from 39.99 u (⁴⁰Ti) to 57.966 u (⁵⁸Ti). Electron capture is the main decay method prior to the most abundant stable isotope, ⁴⁸Ti. As well as beta emission is the main mode after. The main decay manufactured goods prior to ⁴⁸Ti, are scandium isotopes and the main manufactured goods after are vanadium isotopes.

In 1971, in Cornwall, Great Britain, the clergyman and amateur geologist William gregor invented the titanium integrated in a mineral, after that vicar of creed parish. He predicted the appearance of a fresh substance in ilmenite, after a while he saw dark sand in a stream in the close by parish of manaccan and observed that magnet influenced the sand. Investigation of the sand concluded the appearance of two metal oxides: iron oxide that clarified the attraction of the magnet and 45.25% of a colorless metallic oxide that he might not explained. Gregor recognized that the 2^nd oxide that he could recognize consisted of a metal whose features were not similar to any identified substance. Then his observations were informed to the Royal Geological society of Cornwall as well as in German science magazine Crell's Annalen.

At the same time, a comparable element is invented by Franz-Joseph Muller von Reichenstein, however might not recognize it. In 1795 a Prussian chemist martin Heinrich klaproth reinvented the oxide separately in rutile from boinik which is the German word that is given to an unknown place village of hungry that is situated in Slovakia now. Klaproth established that the oxide consisted of a fresh substance and he called it titans of Greek. He found a model of manaccanite after listening of gregor's invention and established it consisted of titanium.

The removal of titanium from its different ores is very arduous and expensive process, which is impossible to decrease the ore in usual method, by heating in the atmosphere of carbon titanium carbide, is created. Matthew A invented the pure metallic titanium (99.9%) in 1910. The use of titanium was not made outside the laboratory before 1932, when William demonstrated that it can be obtained by reducing titanium tetrachloride. Later, Titanium being introduced on the industrial scale in the form of titanium wire that has occupied significant space in the industrial applications.

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